Verb phrases and Irregular verbs
read a newspaper
listen to the radio/ music
have or eat → Have can be used with both food and drink, and is common with meals (comidas), e.g. have a sandwich, have a coffee, have lunch.
Eat can only be used with food, e.g. eat fast food
Leisure activities
go to the cinema / to a bar / to a restaurant
do exercise / housework / homework
play the guitar
work → has two meaning: 1) She works in a museum = it´s her job 2) The phone doesn´t work = it´s broken
cook dinner
drink tea / mineral water / a cup of coffee
Modal verbs and Verb + ing forms
Verbs + -ing
We add – ing to the main verb. The spelling rules are the same as for the present continuous.
Use
We use the verb + -ing form:
- as the subject of the sentence. The -ing form is often a noun. eg. Eating a lot of fruit is important
- after a preposition. I´m very good at playing tennis.
- after verbs such as → like, love, enjoy, prefer, don´t like, hate, can´t stand, not mind as an object. eg. I love walking in the mountains.
↓↑
like + -ing / would like to
We use like + ing to talk about → a general feeling which is true now. Like / like animals / the atmosphere at work ← talking about your interests
eg.
Richard likes skiing a lot.
Ella doesn´t like listening to rap music.
Would / ´d like to + infinitive
We use ´d like to to talk about a future ambition.
eg.
I´d like to visit Kenya next year.
She wouldn´t like to work in an office when she leaves school.
And we use Would you like … ? to offer somebody something
Modal verbs
There are two important differences between Must and Can / Could and regular verbs in the present simple:
- There is no third person -s with modal verbs. eg. She must go. I can stay
- There is no auxiliary do whith modal verbs. eg. I mustn´t lose. He can´t play
-Can you introduce yourself? / Could you… ? -> for past interrogative
-Couldn´t -> for past negative
- Have / have to is a regular verb. eg. I have to go. He has to help. I don´t have to play. She doesn´t have to compete.
Use
We use different modal verbs to talk about rules.
- When something is necessary and an obligation, we use must, have to and mustn´t. eg. You must be home at eleven o´clock. You have to finish your homework tonight. He mustn´t leave the house.
- When something is allowed according to the rules, we use can. eg. Yes, you can go to tre cinema on Friday
- When something is not necessary (but allowed), we use don´t have to. eg. You don´t have to wear a suit at the meeting.
- When something is not allowed, we use mustn´t and can´t. eg. She mustn´t tell anybody. He can´t play football tomorrow.
↑↓
live in a beautiful house / in a big flat
say sorry
speak German / English /Spanish
study economics / at university
take an umbrella
want a new car
watch
wear glasses / jeans
need / need to
make
rain / change
finish
dance
drive
use
kiss
give
greet you with a smile
ask
solve the problem
call
come
stay as long as you like
buy / sell / pay
feel
prefer
think the traffic is terrible / that people are nice to foreigners
sit here
guess
earn money
get drunk / and I have hangover (resaca)
take a nap
fall asleep / start sleeping
tell / telling a story
sail
sink / sank
After 300 metres, turn right
–Imperatives. Use imperatives to give orders or instructions.
Be careful / Be quiet!
Don´t smoke / Smoke hero
Turn left / right
Cross the road now
listen to music here
turn off your mobile / it / turn on
go in here
Don´t take photos / Take photos
Don´t eat or drink here / eat or drink here
Don´t worry
Please, don´t park here
Please, close the window / the door
Come on!
Sign
Slow down
Stop
park
–Let´s. Use Let´s + verb infinitive to make Suggestions.
Let´s park here
Let´s go home
Let´s eat lunch there
Let´s cross the road here
Let´s go to a hotel
Let´s turn on the air conditioning
Feelings
Use be + :
hungry (hambriento) / thirsty (sediento)
hot / cold
angry (enojado) / sad / happy
tired
worried / stressed
bored
great / terrible
optimistic
ill / talking about health and illness ← Health / Medical problems
Bibliography:
Life. Pre Intermediate. By John Hughes, Helen Stephenson and Paul Dummett.
English File. Elementary By Christina Latham Koening, Clive Oxenden, Paul Seligson /
Third Edition. Descargar
